Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) affect Chinese manufacturing industr...

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情对装备制造行业的影响与对策

Impact of COVID-19 pneumonia on equipment
manufacturing industry and countermeasures

这一场席卷全国、蔓延世界的肺炎疫情，对我国的许多行业都产生了明显的影响，有些行业的影响还相当直接、相当剧烈，比如：旅游、餐饮等服务业。装

备制造企业，自然也无法置身度外，必然受到这一场大疫情的负面影响。

The impact and countermeasures of the COVID-19
pneumonia epidemic on the equipment manufacturing industry pneumonia an epidemic that has swept the country and spread the world has had a significant
impact on many industries in China and the impact of some industries is quite
direct and severe, such as Tourism, catering and other services. Equipment
manufacturing companies, of course, cannot stay out of the bounds, and will
inevitably be negatively affected by this epidemic.

一、疫情对装备制造企业的不利影响

这种影响将从多个方面表现出来，主要有：

第一，  
生产无法正常复工，影响生成进度。对于绝大部分装备制造企业来说，
生成活动都是集中在企业的生产基地完成的。这一场传染性很强的疫情，让大量人员集中进行生产活动变得风险很大、不宜实施。正常的生产进度，很容易受到影响。

I. The
adverse effects of the epidemic on equipment manufacturing enterprises

This impact will manifest itself in many ways, including:

First, production cannot resume normally, which affects the
production schedule. For most equipment manufacturing enterprises, the
generation activities are completed in the company's production base. This
highly contagious epidemic made a large number of people to concentrate their
production activities very risky and inappropriate to implement. The normal
production schedule is easily affected.

第二，  
产品无法按原计划交付，影响客户收到和使用产品。产品无法按原计划生产，向客户的交货自然也将受到影响。虽然客户能够理解，但毕竟会影响客户的生产、经营活动。

Second, the product cannot be
delivered as originally planned, affecting customers' receipt and use of the
product. Products cannot be produced as originally planned, and delivery to
customers will naturally be affected. Although the customer can understand it,
after all, it will affect the customer's the production and business activities.

第三，  
售后服务与支持无法按时、及时开展，影响客户的经营活动。装备行业的产品，大多需要可靠的售后服务。疫情影响售后服务人员的复工与现场维护活动的开展，一旦客户在使用中的设备出现故障，售后服务人员无法如常地排除故障，就会影响客户企业生产活动的正常开展。比如，生产抗“疫”物资（口罩、防护服等）的生产设备如果此时出现故障，维修人员因为疫情的影响又无法及时排除故障的话，不但会影响该企业的生产，还会进一步影响“疫”物资的及时供应。

Third, after-sales service and support cannot be carried
out on time and in time, which affects customers' business activities. Most
products in the equipment industry require reliable after-sales service. The epidemic situation affects the resumption of after-sales service personnel and
the development of on-site maintenance activities. Once the customer's
equipment in use fails, the after-sales service personnel cannot troubleshoot
the failure as usual, which will affect the normal development of the
customer's production activities. For example, if the production equipment that
produces anti-epidemic materials (masks, protective clothing, etc.) fails at
this time and maintenance personnel cannot timely troubleshoot due to the
impact of the epidemic, it will not only affect the production of the enterprise,
but also further affect the " Timely supply of the disease.

第四，  
营销与销售活动无法开展，影响企业的订单和后续的经营活动。受疫情的影响，装备制造企业的营销与销售人员无法正常地复工、开展营销工作，产品销售、新的订单就会受到影响。等疫情结束、生产员工完全复工以后，订单的缺乏，会进一步影响企业的生产。特别是，许多装备制造企业的客户是来自全球各地，其他国家的同行竞争企业可能利用中国企业受疫情的影响，抢走中国企业的订单。

Fourth, marketing and sales activities cannot be carried
out, affecting the company's orders and subsequent business activities.
Affected by the epidemic situation, the marketing and sales personnel of
equipment manufacturing enterprises cannot resume work normally and carry out
marketing work, and product sales and new orders will be affected. After the
epidemic is over and production workers are fully resumed, the lack of orders
will further affect the production of enterprises. In particular, many
equipment manufacturing companies have customers from all over the world. Peer
competitors in other countries may use Chinese companies to be affected by the
epidemic and steal orders from Chinese companies.

二、短期和长期的应对策略

面对疫情带来不利影响和挑战，装备制造企业应该从短期、长期两个角度来加以应对：

短期对策：全面采用基于互联网技术的远程办公、工作协同、业务管控的平

台，对企业办公和工作协同进行全方位升级。

Short-term and long-term coping strategies

Facing the adverse impacts and challenges
brought by the epidemic situation, equipment manufacturing enterprises should
respond from two perspectives: short-term and long-term: short-term
countermeasures: the full use of Internet-based remote office, work
collaboration, and business management and control platforms for business and
work Collaborate for comprehensive upgrades.

我国的许多装备制造企业在这方面有很大的提升空间，特别是与全球性的公司相比。

我国装备制造行业的许多企业，都还是单一中心的企业，双中心的不多，多中心的更少。这种单一中心为主的结构，使得企业采用远程办公、多地协同的工具和机制的动力不足。在目前这样的大疫情下，员工无法集中起来，许多工作就难以开展。
虽然这样的疫情多年才遇一次，而且我们坚信不会太久就会被有效地控制。但是，在装备制造企业日益走向全球以后，在全世界范围内，各种自然灾害、疫情、重大事故、动乱、局部战争等，综合起来，就不是偶发事件了。

Many equipment manufacturing companies in
China have a lot of room for improvement in this regard, especially compared
with global companies.

Many enterprises in China's equipment
manufacturing industry are still single-centered enterprises. There are not
many dual-centered enterprises and many multi-centered enterprises. This
single-centered structure makes enterprises lack the motivation to adopt remote
working and multi-site collaboration tools and mechanisms. In the current
epidemic, employees cannot concentrate and many tasks are difficult to carry
out. Although such an epidemic has only happened once in many years, and we
firmly believe that it will not be long before it will be effectively
controlled. However, after the equipment manufacturing enterprises are
increasingly going global, various natural disasters, epidemics, major
accidents, turbulence, and local wars are not incidental.

因此，我国的装备制造企业在这一次大疫情的影响下，应该全方位地升级企业的办公、协同和业务管控系统，使得员工的工作尽可能地不受制于空间和时间，
尽可能做到随时随地都能工作；只要有互联网，就能多地、远程地进行沟通和协同。

进一步地，企业升级的这种系统，最好不使用完全个性化开发的系统，而是比较通用的系统。这样的话，不但能进行企业内部的沟通和协调，而且能与客户、供应商、渠道商等商业伙伴的相应系统进行授权条件下的联结，解决企业的销售、服务、供应、物流等一系列外部的沟通和协同。

Therefore, under the influence of this the epidemic, China's equipment manufacturing enterprises should comprehensively
upgrade their office, collaboration, and business management and control systems,
so that employees' work is not restricted by space and time as much as
possible, Work anywhere; as long as you have the Internet, you can communicate
and collaborate multiple and remotely.

Further, such a system upgraded by an
enterprise is better not to use a completely personalized development system,
but a more general system. In this way, not only can the company communicate
and coordinate internally, but also it can connect with the corresponding
systems of customers, suppliers, channel providers, and other business partners
under authorized conditions, and solve a series of external sales, service,
supply, logistics and other external issues. Communication and collaboration.

再者，这样的系统，将来还能增加员工的工作在时间、空间等方面的自由度，
提高员工的满意度和工作效率。长期对策：大力发展和运用工业互联网技术，打造资源优化平台和资源配置平台，加快装备制造企业的数字化、智能化转型。

In addition, such a system can increase the
freedom of employees in terms of time and space, and increase employee
satisfaction and work efficiency in the future. Long-term countermeasures:
vigorously develop and apply industrial Internet technologies, create a resource
optimization platforms and resource allocation platforms, and accelerate the
digital and intelligent transformation of equipment manufacturing enterprises.

升级办公与协同系统，能解决非生产一线员工的异地办公、及时协同问题，
也能一定程度上解决与商业伙伴的沟通和交流问题，但仍不能解决企业内部多部门、多部分之间的业务协同和资源优化配置，更无法解决装备制造企业与其商业伙伴之间的深度业务协同问题。

为了比较全面地解决这些问题，工业互联网提供了一条康庄大道！

Upgrading the office and collaboration the system can solve the problem of off-site office and timely collaboration of
non-production front-line employees, and can also solve the problem of
communication and exchange with business partners to a certain extent.
Coordination and optimized resource allocation cannot solve the problem of deep
business collaboration between equipment manufacturing companies and their
business partners.

In order to solve these problems more
comprehensively, the Industrial Internet provides a road to health!

借助和采用工业互联网的技术，通过对装备制造企业的数字化、智能化改造，
能极大地改进企业内部各部门、部分之间协同的柔性和灵活性，也能大幅度地提升装备制造企业与商业伙伴（特别是客户、供应商）之间的业务协同、支持和配合。

By using and adopting the technology of the
Industrial Internet, through the digital and intelligent transformation of
equipment manufacturing enterprises, it can greatly improve the flexibility and the flexibility of collaboration between various departments and parts within the
enterprise, and can greatly improve equipment manufacturing enterprises and Business collaboration, support and coordination between partners
(especially customers, suppliers).

第一，在装备制造企业内部，运用工业互联网技术能打造资源优化平台。在

该平台上，能在设备资产的管理和运营方面，利用大数据、人工智能等技术及行

业经验对设备运行状态与性能状况进行智能分析，为生产与决策提供相应的智能

化服务。这样，企业内部的生产、经营活动，能极大地摆脱对员工等资源的时间、

空间的依赖。

First, within equipment manufacturing
enterprises, the use of industrial Internet technology can create a resource
optimization platform. On this platform, in the management and operation of
equipment assets, big data, artificial intelligence, and other technologies and
industry experience can be used to intelligently analyze the operating status
and performance of equipment, and provide corresponding intelligent services
for production and decision-making. In this way, the production and management
activities within the enterprise can greatly get rid of the time and space
dependence on resources such as employees.

同时，这种系统的后台都在云端，因此，也不会对所部署的物理位置产生依赖，具有极大的可靠性、灵活性。在这方面，GE Predix、ABB Ability、西门子 MindSphere、施耐德电气EcoStruxure 等领先的跨国公司已经有了领先的实践；国内的精英企业，三一集团根数互联、徐工集团 Xrea、研华科技 WISE-PaaS、汇川技术工业互联平台，也开始为众多装备制造企业树立榜样！

At the same time, the background of this system is in the cloud, so it will not depend on the physical location
deployed, and has great reliability and flexibility. In this regard, leading
multinational companies such as GE Predix, ABB Ability, Siemens MindSphere, and
Schneider Electric EcoStruxure already have leading practices; domestic elite
companies, Sany Group Interconnect, XCMG Group Xara, Advantech WISE-PaaS,
Huichuan Technology Industrial Interconnection Platform has also started to set
an example of many equipment manufacturing enterprises!

第二，在装备制造企业与商业伙伴企业之间的深度联结方面，运用工业互联

网技术能打造资源配置平台。该平台主要体现在要素资源的组织与调度方面，优化企业的资源管理、业务流程、生产过程、供应链管理等环节，实现装备制造企

业与外部用户需求、创新资源以及生产能力的对接，有效促进产能优化以及区域协同。

资源配置平台代表企业及平台有：海尔 COSMOPlat、智能云科 iSESOL、美的MeiCloud、航天云网 INDICES 等。

Second, in terms of the deep connection
between equipment manufacturing companies and business partner companies, the
use of Industrial Internet technology can create a resource allocation
platform. The platform is mainly reflected in the organization and scheduling
of factor resources, optimizing the enterprise's resource management, business
processes, production processes, supply chain management and other links, to
achieve the docking of equipment manufacturing enterprises with external user
needs, innovative resources, and production capacity, effectively promoting
Capacity optimization and regional coordination.

The resource allocation platform represents
enterprises and platforms: Haier COSMOPlat, Intelligent Cloud Science iSESOL,
Midea MeiCloud, Aerospace Cloud Network INDICES, etc.

基于工业互联网技术建立这样的系统以后，我国的装备制造企业就能基本上实现数字化、智能化转型！
转型以后，企业的生产、经营活动能极大地降低对单个员工的依赖，更不用说对其工作时间、地点的依赖；也能显著地深化装备制造企业与其商业伙伴之间的业务联结性、协同性，彼此之间的合作不会轻易受到局部疫情、事故的影响，
彼此之间的业务能进行灵活的调节，更不会因为某些员工受制于时间、空间，而影响彼此的协作。

After establishing such a system based on
Industrial Internet technology, China's equipment manufacturing enterprises can
basically, realize digital and intelligent transformation! After the
transformation, the company's production, and operation activities can greatly
reduce its dependence on individual employees, let alone its working hours and
locations; it can also significantly deepen business connectivity and
collaboration between equipment manufacturing companies and their business
partners The cooperation between each other will not be easily affected by
local epidemics and accidents, and the business between each other can be
flexibly adjusted, and some employees will not be affected by time and space,
which will affect their cooperation.

综上，这一场肺炎疫情对许多行业的企业都将产生明显的影响，装备制造企业也无法幸免。相关的企业，既不要认为这是极其偶然的事件而不思进去，也不要过于悲观而觉得无从应对。我们建议这些企业在认真思考以后，采取如下的策略：短期，全面采用基于互联网技术的远程办公、工作协同、业务管控的工具，
对企业办公和工作协同进行全方位升级；长期，大力发展和运用工业互联网技术，
打造资源优化平台和资源配置平台，加快装备制造企业的数字化、智能化转型。

这样，我国的装备制造企业在全球化经营以后，也能从容地应对各种突发事

In summary, this outbreak of pneumonia will
have a significant impact on companies in many industries, and equipment
manufacturing companies will not be spared. Related companies should neither
consider this as an extremely accidental event without thinking about it, nor
be too pessimistic and feel unable to cope. We suggest that after serious
thinking, these companies adopt the following strategies: short-term,
full-scale use of Internet-based remote office, work collaboration, and
business management and control tools to comprehensively upgrade corporate
office and work collaboration; long-term, vigorous development and application
Industrial Internet technology, to create a resource optimization platform and
resource allocation platform, and accelerate the digital and intelligent
transformation of equipment manufacturing enterprises.

In this way, after the global operation of China's
equipment manufacturing enterprises, they can calmly respond to various
emergencies

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic on the pension industry in ...

Impact of COVID-19 pneumonia on the pension
industry and related suggestions

The sudden outbreak of COVID-19 pneumonia
swept the country, which has greatly affected all walks of life, and the impact
on the pension industry is unique. Pension is a typical labor-intensive
industry, and many links in this industry are rigid demand throughout the year.
Old people and so on. Due to the special reasons of the new crown pneumonia
epidemic, the vast majority of the elderly were isolated in nursing homes.
Therefore, in this ultra-Changchun holiday, when many industries are anxious
due to shutdowns, the pension industry has experienced another kind of
suffering.

First, the biggest difficulty is the
extreme shortage of elderly care workers. Most of the nursing staff in the city
came from rural areas or other places. Since the public did not pay much
attention to the new crown virus pneumonia epidemic until January 23 (the lunar
month 29th), most of the nursing staff have returned home. New year. Due to the
evolution of the epidemic, the planned seven-day holiday was not only extended,
but also quarantined for a period of time after return. For example, if
Shanghai extends the Spring Festival holiday to February 9, and it is required that
people from or passing through Hubei and other key areas to Shanghai and
Shanghai come to Shanghai for strict isolation or centralized isolation and
observation for 14 days, there is no abnormal situation Only after the expiry
can work normally. Many other cities have basically similar regulations. This
means that caregivers can leave their jobs for more than a month. According to
this research team's online survey of senior care institutions such as Shanghai
Red Sun, Qinheyuan, and Vanke Suiyuan in Hangzhou, since most of the front-line
caregivers and middle managers are blocked in the field, the core management of
these senior care institutions all enter the entire holiday. The front-line
processing of various affairs, usually only three to four hours of rest a day,
is in a high-load work state, currently still struggling to support.

其次，疫情期间家人无法探视，老人心理比较脆弱，增加了照护难度。适逢

春节，以往许多住在养老机构的老人会被接回家过年，起码有家人来探视。而今年封院后，老人见不到家人，闹情绪或心理不适者大大增加。由于老人看不到外面疫情的严峻形势，信息相对又不太灵敏，护理人员需要极大的耐心，花费大量的精力向他们解释并安抚他们。有些家属对封院措施也不太配合，所有这些都大大增加了工作强度。

Second, family members cannot visit during
the epidemic, and the elderly are more fragile, making it difficult to care for
them. Coinciding with the Spring Festival, many old people living in old-age
care institutions were taken home for Chinese New Year, at least with family
members to visit. After the hospital was closed this year, the elderly could
not see their families, and the number of people with emotional or
psychological discomfort increased greatly. Because the elderly can't see the
severe situation of the epidemic outside, and the information is relatively
insensitive, the nursing staff need great patience and spend a lot of energy to
explain and comfort them. Some family members did not cooperate well with the
closure measures, all of which greatly increased the intensity of work.

第三，老人属易感人群，抵抗能力差，疫情期间需要更加严格的防控措施，

增加了运营成本。本次疫情发生后，各养老机构高度重视，高价采购口罩、消毒剂、手套等，并加大公共卫生清洁的力度，这些都大大增加了运营成本。部分机

构反映，其日常医用消耗品的支出是以往的接近十倍，日常餐饮成本也增加较多。即便如此，由于非常时期防疫用品紧缺，到处求购亦难解决，相关人员身心俱疲。

Third, the elderly are susceptible and have
poor resistance. More stringent control measures are needed during the
epidemic, which increases operating costs. After the outbreak, all elderly care
institutions attach great importance to purchasing masks, disinfectants,
gloves, etc. at high prices, and increasing public health cleaning, which have
greatly increased operating costs. Some institutions report that their daily
medical consumables are nearly ten times more expensive than in the past, and
daily catering costs have increased significantly. Even so, due to the scarcity
of epidemic prevention supplies during the extraordinary period, it is
difficult to solve the problem of buying everywhere, and the relevant personnel
are physically and mentally exhausted.

第四，养老行业属于微利行业，上述几点共同加剧了疫情期间全行业的运营

成本。因此，与大多数行业疫情期间停业困境不同，该行业在艰难的运营中也将受到财务收支状况恶化的严峻考验。

不过，这次疫情也显示出机构养老的优势，并凸显养老行业发展的巨大空间。由于传染病对老年人有更大的伤害，一旦遇到疫情，就会对居家养老产生强烈冲击。相比之下，疫情期间大部分养老机构采取了全封闭管理，不与外界接触，有

专业的医护人员，日常消杀和风险防控都比较充分，相比居家养老的老人能得到更好的保护。     Fourth, the pension
industry is a low-profit industry, and the above points have intensified the
entire industry's operating costs during the epidemic. As a result, unlike most
industry shutdowns during the epidemic, the industry will also be severely
tested by the deteriorating financial revenues and expenditures in difficult
operations.

However, this outbreak also shows the
advantages of institutional pensions and highlights the huge space for the
development of the pension industry. Because infectious diseases are more
harmful to the elderly, once they encounter an epidemic, they will have a
strong impact on home care. In contrast, during the epidemic period, most
old-age care institutions adopted closed management without contact with the
outside world.

Professional medical and nursing personnel
have adequate daily killing and risk prevention and control, and can be better
protected than elderly people living at home.

基于以上情况，我们有如下建议：    

第一，努力保证养老机构对医疗资源的需求。养老机构对于医疗资源的需求位列医院之后第二位，这一点往往被很多人忽视。疫情期间，民政部门可根据日常入住老人数量的分析充分掌握各机构物资需求，同时要求每家养老机构统计物资情况，根据实际情况组织资源调配予以支持，而不是让各个机构到市场上去抢购。

Based on the above, we have the following
suggestions:

First, strive to ensure the demand for
medical resources in the elderly institutions. The demand for medical resources
of the elderly care institutions ranks second after the hospital, which is
often overlooked by many people. During the epidemic, the civil affairs
department can fully grasp the material needs of each institution based on the
analysis of the number of elderly people living daily. At the same time, each elderly
care institution is required to count the material situation and organize the
allocation of resources to support it, rather than letting each institution go
to the market to buy.

第二，针对养老行业受疫情冲击的特殊情况，制定专门扶持措施。除了国家和各地近期出台的税收减免、租金减免等措施外，对养老机构要额外增加非常时期的财政补贴，确保养老机构不因疫情冲击而倒闭，避免这个特殊行业留下后遗症。因为这个后遗症一旦形成会进一步影响全社会——养老机构倒闭后老人的安置将非常困难，对涉及到的家庭都将产生较大影响。具体可对日常医疗易耗品的高价部分提供补贴，其标准可根据入住老人的数量、工作人员的数量测算，亦可养老机构的对水电气费用适当补贴。

Second, in response to the special
situation of the pension industry affected by the epidemic situation, develop
special support measures. In addition to the tax and rent reductions recently
introduced by the state and other regions, extra-period financial subsidies
should be added to pension institutions to ensure that pension institutions do
not fail due to the impact of the epidemic and to avoid the aftermath of this
particular industry. Because once this sequelae is formed, it will further
affect the whole society-the resettlement of the elderly after the retirement
of the elderly institution will be very difficult, and it will have a greater
impact on the families involved. Specifically, it can provide subsidies for the
high-priced parts of daily medical consumables. The standard can be calculated
according to the number of elderly people living and the number of staff, and
it can also provide appropriate subsidies for water and electricity expenses in
the elderly.

第三，对疫情期间坚持长期工作的养老行业员工进行心理干预。疫情期间超负荷工作多日的养老服务人员基本上处于应激状态，疫情期间及过后，心理问题可能随时爆发，不仅对个人和家庭，也会对整个养老行业带来难以预期的后果。建议医疗卫生部门、志愿者及时介入养老机构的心理干预。目前部分心理干预已经介入疫期的医疗卫生人员，但尚未见到对养老机构的介入，需要引起重视。

Third, psychological intervention should be
provided to employees in the pension industry who insist on long-term work
during the epidemic. During the epidemic, elderly service workers who have been
overloaded for many days are basically in a state of stress. During and after
the epidemic, psychological problems may erupt at any time, which will bring
unpredictable consequences not only to individuals and families, but also to
the entire pension industry. It is recommended that medical and health
departments and volunteers intervene in the psychological intervention of the
nursing home in a timely manner. At present, some psychological interventions
have already involved medical staff in the epidemic period, but they have not
seen any intervention in the elderly care institutions, which needs attention.

第四，从长期看，养老行业需要一个极端时期的预案。从国家到地方，现有

的大量预案都是按灾害事故的领域制定的，而养老行业极其特殊，需要专门的预案。国家和各级地方政府应针对养老机构制定重大公共卫生事件（如传染病）的专门预案，在测、报、防、抗、救、援六个环节有系统的应对方案。而每一家养老机构都应当建立或完善应急小组制度，设立相应的负责人分别负责员工安置与防疫、紧急上报、物资分配、资金调度，同时建立第二梯队负责人制度等。另外，
还要不定期组织养老机构针对应急预案的演习、培训，加强风险防控意识，且高效传导到企业末端的每一名员工。

 Fourth,
in the long run, the pension industry needs a plan for an extreme period. From
state to local, a large number of existing plans are formulated according to
the field of disaster accidents, and the pension industry is extremely special
and requires special plans. The state and local governments at all levels
should formulate special plans for major public health events (such as
infectious diseases) for the elderly institutions, and have a systematic
response plan in the six links of measurement, reporting, prevention,
resistance, rescue and assistance. And each old-age care institution should
establish or improve the emergency team system, set up the corresponding person
in charge of staff resettlement and epidemic prevention, emergency reporting,
material allocation, fund dispatch, and establish a second echelon person
system. In addition, it is necessary to organize drills and trainings for the
emergency plan for the emergency plan from time to time, strengthen the
awareness of risk prevention and control, and conduct them efficiently to every
employee at the end of the enterprise.

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