Injection Molding Process in China

Applications for Insert Injection Molding

Insert molding is used in a broad range of industries for a variety of uses and applications. CNmoulding primarily focuses on insert injection molding for the following sectors:  Medical, Pharmaceutical, Dental, Defense, Safety, Industrial, and Electronics/Electrical.

Insert molding is the manufacturing process of installing inserts into the plastic part during the injection molding process. In the injection molding process, the mold is specially designed to hold the inserts in place, allowing plastic resins to flow and harden around the inserts. A completed part or inserted component is then ejected from the machine with the inserts installed. This process eliminates the need for post-production assembly and ensures a tight bond between the plastic part and its inserts.

Can plastic be converted into a mirror?

 Plastic cannot completely replace the mirror for the following reasons

1. requires very good mold steel to produce molds

2. requires very good polished mold surfaces

3. requires very clean injection molding machines to produce

4. needs very good maintenance because whatever material is easy to scratch

But some products need plastic to mirror. That is to find experienced transparent products.

find a trustable injection molding company is most important for any new customer invest a mirrow plastic part.

The following videos may help you

Plastic medical products manufacturer in China

CNMOULDING is to be one of the leading manufacturers of quality medical plastic components, containers, disposables and devices for the MEDICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL industry. To fulfill our aim, we constantly implement those very performance and manufacturing principles that have driven our corporate ideals and objectives

4 Tips you should know when start an Injection Molding Quote

 Any new project must be started with a senior purchasing manager to review the injection molding quotation. The whole process of injection molding quotation is complex. You need to take time to collect information and investigate the authenticity. Here we explore this work in 4 aspects.

Good graphics, and good design is a work guarantee

Each customer can provide different information. This depends on the extensive experience of the purchaser. If the goal is to achieve the most accurate quotation. A complete 3D drawing, including each part allocation relationship, is the basic requirement. Some meticulous companies will provide prototype samples, which is perfect. If the customer does not have 3D design capabilities, find some industrial designers to help. And we mold engineers can give you advice on how to optimize the original design. The goal is to reduce development costs without compromising product performance.

Precision and quantity

If you want an accurate quote, the most important point is the number of parts and the accuracy you need.

Keywords:

Required quantity: each ordered quantity, the planned supply life.

Accuracy requirements: The part may be in trial operation or in a long-term manufacturing operation. Coordination relationship between individual components, key dimension requirements for individual parts.

Injection molding quotes need to be as detailed as possible for offer preparation.

These factors are important not only for manufacturing but also for design. Mold design may vary depending on your order quantity requirements, such as using stronger tool materials to increase life and using multi-cavity mold design to increase production.

Analysis and understanding

Needless that each part is different, and it is doomed to be different. Even similar parts, because the intended use is not similar, the injection molding quotation will be different.

Providing clear information is also important for injection molding quotes. We continue to emphasize that injection molding service providers should be as far as possible.

Understand the actual project. Knowing that you want to sell expectations or market applications, injection molds can better help with material selection or even part design. The best injection molding machines, the best operating technicians, will also be able to help you achieve the professional industry and use.

Any certification or other regulatory requirements.

Application in specific examples:

High temperature resistant and low-temperature resistant products

Large automotive plastic products

Medical use-grade products

Food-grade products

Injection molding quotes will tell you what design matters and what your product needs.

Characteristics of Injection Moulding

 Characteristics of Injection Moulding

Injection molding is a method of plastic production. At a certain temperature, stir the fully melted plastic mother particles with screws, and inject the melt plastic particles into the mold cavity, after cooling and curing, to get the injection plastic parts.

Injection process

The whole process is divided into six stages: mold clamping, injection molding, pressure protection, cooling, mold opening, and removal of plastic parts. These six stages directly determine the quality of injection molding products, and these six stages are a complete continuous process. Injection molding is an important plastic molding method suitable for the mass production of plastic parts with complex shapes and precise size requirements. With the application of injection plastic products, the quality of plastic parts is also improving.

Parameters Setting

During injection molding, the process parameters will directly affect the flow state of the melt and the quality of the final plastic parts. Acquisition and maintenance of optimized process parameters are a prerequisite for forming high-quality plastic parts. Injection molding is a widely used molding method.

In moulding has posted more information on our website 

CNMOULDING's technical mold has developed a manufacturing process for manufacturing small-scale, high precision molds that assures our automotive, medical, and home appliance customers that they are investing in accurate, consistent, repeatable shooting molds.

High precision molds are the leader in designing and manufacturing molding systems by original equipment manufacturers who need to optimize production, reduce production costs, and maintain their position as China's premier mold manufacturer.

Why are Hollywood blockbusters that have become less and less popular in China in recent years?

 Fast & Furious 9 Release 17 Days With Only 1.3 billion-CNMOULDING Tell You Real Chinese Market

Not "more and less popular", but "no good migrant films in recent years"

(Little knowledge: migrant workers film means that even migrant workers are watching, describing its high heat)

Hollywood dipped with superhero movies. When the limelight is booming, they call British fans lemon essence and are prophet when the type declines. Of course, there is also the impact of the delay of shooting progress. Good films will generally not be selected, but only bad films will try their best to overcome the difficulties and go public in time.

Apollo 13 Fast and Furious ugly, right? However, before Independence Day 2 Global Storm was already ugly. But at that time, many of the good films reached the heat of migrant workers, until the good films did not, only garbage.

I didn't catch up with the wave of dance and western movies, but the 1990 s wave of science fiction and action movies I caught up with —— Now you think 5% of it was good, but 95% of the audience didn't escape.

There are actually good movies right now, such as 1917. But this kind of high-quality film often has limited commercial popularity. If you really want to drive the market, —— for something like Iron Man 1 and Nolan Batman is either new or meaningful.

For example, due to the popularity of GoldenEye 007, the action film + was a hit in the 1990 s, and Mission: Impossible was the beneficiary. The old IP movies absorb the elements of the tough guys of the 1980 s action movies and refresh the CG technology of the science fiction movies. But within a few years, the audience was tired of watching, Bruce South after the post-007 reputation is very subtle, "Mission: Impossible 2" is also controversial, then "Impossible" came out, everyone exclaimed, "action films can be done like this!" So we see Putin 007 style 180 degrees of change.

As for whether the taste of Chinese film audiences will be dominated by Chinese films in the future, I am very definitely impossible.

The truth is very simple when the Japanese economy is booming, it is the world's largest film market outside the United States. However, the top of the Japanese film box office is a lot of imported films, domestic films rely on animation to support the scenes. Hollywood movies are not American blockbusters, Hollywood movies are commercial blockbusters, as long as the market is commercial, it must not fight Hollywood.

As for the domestic film market, it is hard to say, because foreign films can be banned in China as if domestic TV stations ban Japanese animation. However, after the ban, domestic animation turned over the decision? No, we all ran to the Internet to watch the Japanese animation. Now the Internet also began to ban Japanese animation, so the domestic animation will turn over? Impossible.

What are the different types of molds?

   

 I. Mold classification:

Classification by hardness: soft mold and hard mold (quenching treatment). 

Classification by Grade Quality: Grade 1 Grade 3 by difficulty: Grade A B Class C Class D by mold size: super large medium small

II. Definition of mold hard die and soft mold:

1, mold hardness: soft mold, hard mode 1) Soft mold: mold steel has been pre-hard, no quenching treatment, but the hardness is low, HB below 400, the production life is less than 500,000 times, widely used.

2) hardened mold: the mold steel is annealed, divided into two rough machinings and finishing. After rough processing, the hardness is above HRC48 °. Keep the processing allowance of about 0.2. After rough processing, the tooling will have deformation to prevent the finishing can not meet the requirements. Production life is over 50 ~ 1 million times, with the most applications of small molds.

III. Mold quality grade: Grade I, Grade III, Grade I mold quality

1, mold: must be capable of one million or more opening times. This is the primary mold, the customer requires to make the best mold with the best materials and accessories.

 2. The requirements of Grade I mold are as follows:

(1) Detailed mold design (connecting the computer drawings and materials);

(2) Most mold embryo hardness

To have an HB280;

(3) The core shall be hardened by all HRC50, positions, and accessories;

(4) Medicare side division pipe jacking pin;

(5) line position must have wear-resistant pieces;

(6) temperature control monitor shall be installed in mold, brother, or position;

(7) It is recommended to make all the cooling water channels with nickel plating (ELECTROLESS NICKEL PLATING) intended to prevent rust and easy cleaning;

(8) The positioning lock shall be added to the mold line.

learn more from quora or about all kind of injection mold type here

Analysis of Plastic Mould Industry in 2021 in China

 Current Situation, dilemma, prospect, and trend

       As an industrial supporting facility, its development level is affected by the development of automobiles, electronics, aerospace, military industry, medical care, and other building industries. Data show that in 2019, the sales revenue of enterprises above the designated size of China's plastic injection mold industry reached 272. 7 billion yuan. The China Business Industry Research Institute predicted that the sales revenue of enterprises above the designated size of China's injection mold industry will reach 281. 6 billion yuan in 2020. 

I. Development status of the mold industry

In recent years, the mold industry through technology introduction, digestion and absorption, and re-innovation, the professional production capacity of mold enterprises has been greatly enhanced, the modern mold industry system has been basically formed, and the industry has achieved leap-forward development. The manufacturing technology of mold products has reached or is close to the international level, the quality is more reliable, and the international competitiveness has been significantly enhanced. China mold occupies an increasingly more important position in the international procurement pattern. Data show that in 2019, China's mold export amount reached USD 6. 246 billion, and in 2019 it was USD 1. 939 billion, down 9.37%. 

Among all the mold types, the plastic and rubber mold is the largest mold import and export variety in China. Data show that in 2019, China's plastic and rubber molds export amount reached USD 3. 967 billion, accounting for more than 60% of the total import and export of molds in the same period, reflecting the strong competitiveness of China's automobile molds and home appliance mold products in the world. The import amount of plastic rubber molds is the US $ 870 million, accounting for more than 44.89% of the total import amount of molds, indicating that there is still a large import replacement space for plastic rubber molds in China. 

II. Development dilemma of the mold industry

1、Shorshortage of professionals

The mold talent training cycle is long, and the lack of industry technical management talents, especially high-end talents, restricts the development of the industry to a certain extent. Generally speaking, training an excellent mold engineer requires several years of professional training and practical experience accumulation. China's mold industry started late, and there is a relatively short of professional skilled talents and management talents, which can not well meet the market demand and limit the rapid development of the industry. 

2、 product standard lag affects the industry development

China's national standards and industrial standards system of mold products need to be improved, the international influence is insufficient, and the formulation and revision of some product standards lag behind to a certain extent, which is not conducive to the sustainable and healthy development of the industry. Due to the lack of product standards or outdated standards, the role of the standard system in standardizing the market, promoting technological progress and product development is limited, and it has failed to guide enterprises to produce complete kinds and excellent quality products, leading to disorderly competition, leading to overcapacity in middle and low - end molds, and high - end molds still need to be imported. 

Low degree of the professional division.

3、Low degree of specialization

The mold production process is complex, long production cycle, mold enterprises tend in order to pursue scale, adopt wide coverage development strategy, from process design to research and development, from processing to assembly test mold, although integrated production helps to improve the control of the product, but reduce the level of division of labor and cooperation, and the loss of production efficiency is not conducive to the improvement of technology and product quality. Focusing on inter-bank competition and the lack of horizontal cooperation mode will cause repeated investment, and eventually lead to China's large but weak mold industry and the lack of international competitiveness. 

Which plastic material is as transparent and beautiful as the glass?

 The CNMOULDING recommendation must be a PMMA

Organic Glass (Polymethyl methacrylate) is a popular name, abbreviated to the PMMA. The chemical name of this polymer transparent material is polymethyl methacrylate, which is a polymer compound formed by the polymerization of methyl methacrylate. It is an important thermoplastic. Plexiglass is divided into colorless transparent, colored transparent, bead light, pressed flower plexiglass. Perpoxiglass is commonly known as acrylic, medium publicity pressure acrylic, acrylic, plexiglass has good transparency, chemical stability, mechanical performance and weather resistance, easy to dye, easy processing, beautiful appearance, and other advantages. Plexiglass is also called gelatin glass, acrylic, etc. 

Organic glazing is widely used, 

Not only in the business, light industry, construction, chemical industry, and so on. And Plexiglass production, in advertising decoration, sand table models are widely used, such as signs, billboards, lightbox panels, and Sino - English letter panels. 

Material selection depends on the modeling design, what kind of modeling, with what kind of organic glass, color, variety should be tested repeatedly, so that it to achieve the best effect. With a good modeling design, but also rely on careful processing, in order to become a beautiful handicraft. 

1. building application: window, sound-proof doors, and windows, lighting cover, telephone booth, etc

2. Advertising application: lightbox, signboard, signs, display frame, etc

3. traffic application: doors, windows of trains, cars, and other vehicles

4. medical application: baby care box, various surgical medical appliances, civilian supplies: sanitary ware facilities, crafts, cosmetics, stents, aquariums, etc. 

5. Industrial application: instrument surface plate and protective cover, etc. 

6. Lighting Application: fluorescent lamp, chandelier, street hood, etc

7. home application: fruit plate, paper towel box, acrylic art painting, and other household daily products

Machinery

Plexiglass has the above excellent performance, making it extremely widely used. In addition to being used on aircraft as a cockpit cover, windscreen window, it is also used as the windshield and windows of the Jeep, sunroof (anti-breakage), screens for television and radar, shields for instruments and equipment, the housing of telecommunications instruments, telescopes and optical lenses on the camera. 

There are many kinds of daily necessities made of organic glass, such as buttons made of bead light organic glass, all kinds of toys, lamps are also because of the decorative effect of stained organic glass, and appear particularly beautiful. 

Medical care

Plexiglass also has a wonderful medical use, that is to make artificial corneas. If the transparent cornea of the human eye is covered with opaque substances, the light can not enter the eye. This is the blindness caused by a total corneal leak and the disease cannot be treated with medication. 

Therefore, medical scientists imagine using the artificial cornea instead of the cornea covered with white spots. The so-called artificial cornea is to use a transparent material into a mirrored column with a diameter of only a few millimeters and then drill a small hole in the corner of the human eye, the mirror column fixed on the cornea, the light through the mirror column into the eye, the human eye can again see the light. 

As early as 1771, ophthalmologists implanted their corneas with optical glass, but not successfully. Later, using crystal instead of optical glass, also became ineffective for only half a year. In World War II, some aircraft were wrecked when cockpit covers made of plexiglass were blown up and fragments of it were embedded in the pilot's eyes. After many years, although the fragments were not removed, there were no further causes of human eye inflammation or other adverse reactions. This accidental event indicates good compatibility between Plexiglass and human tissue. At the same time, it also inspires ophthalmologists who can use organic glass to make an artificial cornea. It has good light transmittance, stable chemical properties, non - toxic to the human body, easy to process into the desired shape, and can be compatible with the human eye for a long time. Artificial corneas made from plexiglass have been commonly used in clinical practice. 

Traditional, High - speed and Precision Injection molding

 As we all know, injection molding production is pursuing "high quality, efficiency, low consumption", that is, the pursuit of profit maximization. However, the development of things needs a process, rather than overnight, the development of injection molding, and in different stages of development, the focus is different. 

Traditional injection molding

The initial traditional injection molding is a priority to guarantee the normal period, the quality can be appropriately relaxed, not to mention the good rate of production and production efficiency. At that time, the technical master reflected in that others can not adjust qualified samples sample mold, as long as you can call out (no matter you spent one or a day a night or three days or two nights), you are a "cow" person, you are the hero. In view of this, leading to the high adverse rate of product products, many rely on human processing (water cutting inlet, batch cutting, pressing edge, smelting device correction deformation, etc. ), long production cycle, quality cannot be guaranteed, long - term vicious cycle of rework. Although now the traditional injection molding has been greatly improved, the man-machine ratio and labor intensity are still very high. 

High-speed injection molding

High-speed injection molding relative to traditional injection molding, reduce the human-machine ratio, reduce labor intensity, with mechanical automation to replace most actions of people, reflect "quantity"; this process, high requirements for mechanical automation and assembly line operation. Qualified technical masters, not only to see if you can debug the OK model but also to consider the stability and operability of production. If you do not reach the set expectations, your model is "beautiful", it is just a model for viewing, and you cannot become the "guide" of mass production. 

Precision injection molding

Precision injection molding is developed on the basis of high-speed injection molding, is specialized in the production of high value-added products, refers to an injection molding method difficult to meet the requirements of conventional injection molding machine and conventional injection molding process. Reflect "quality" to gain credibility, to "quantity" to gain profit. The precision of precision plastic parts includes size precision, shape precision, and surface precision, corresponding to size tolerance, shape tolerance, and surface roughness respectively, where size precision is an important quality index of manufacturing and use of plastic parts. 

There are many factors affecting the quality and size precision of precision injection molding products, such as material selection, mold design and processing, precision injection molding machine, molding technology, the level of molding personnel and production management, etc. 

Specific requirements are: 

( 1) The size accuracy is high and small tolerance, i. e. high precision size boundary; 

(2) product weight repetition accuracy is high, requiring day, month, year size stability; 

(3) mold is good, rigid material, size accuracy, smoothness of the type cavity and positioning accuracy between templates are high; 

(4) replaces replace conventional syringe; 

(5)The adopts the precision injection molding process; 

( 6) Select materials suitable for precision injection molding. 

reference from https://www.quora.com/Why-is-precision-injection-molding-difficult

Gini coefficient of the Chinese

 The Gini coefficient is fully applicable to China. 

The higher Gini coefficient in the past two years reflects the challenges in the adjustment of China's income distribution. 

The main performance is the widening regional gap. Now the problem is that some people in society is not appropriate, one is to the region, 

Urban and rural differences distort as class differences; the second is to ignore the size differences of economies and exaggerate the severity of the problem. 

I read a paper on CFPS income Gini coefficient decomposition as if written by some researcher at Renmin University involved in the survey. The CFPS Gini coefficient is 0.55, the urban-rural gap contributes 0.24, and the regional gap contributes 0.20. 

That is to say, the main source of income inequality lies in inequality between urban and rural areas and regional inequality, while the class differences between the inhabitants of cities or villages in the same region are small. 

In 2019, Gansu GDP was about $ 5, 000 per capita, $ 18, 000, almost 3.5 times, U. S. 29, 000, the least developed Bavaria, $ 64, 000, more than twice; Japan is almost the gap. 

Since 2000, the regional gap in China has generally been narrowed, that is, the growth rate of economically developed places is lower than that of economically underdeveloped places. However, in the past two years, we have bucked the trend, the growth rate of economically developed areas is moderate, and some economically less developed areas have grown particularly slow, widening the regional gap. 

These two problems are the key to solving the imbalance in income distribution, rather than imagining the "class struggle" and what to "fight the local tyrants and divide the fields". At the 19th National Congress of the CPC, the Central Committee, aiming at the current situation of China's development, directly defined "the contradiction between the people' s yearning for a better life and the unbalanced and inadequate development" as the principal contradiction at present, and put the imbalance before the insufficiency, 

The attitude is clear that —— is to actively manage these two gaps so that more people can enjoy the benefits of development. 

Q: Does the Gini coefficient reflect more social inequality than that in most countries? 

A: China has a huge volume and a huge population. which must be taken into consideration in transnational comparison, but it is undeniable that in China currently,

the degree of social inequality is still high, which is a common problem in emerging countries. Take Japan, for example, which has almost no gap between urban and rural development, the most developed region is about twice the GDP per capita of the least developed region (3.5 times in China), 

Income between different industries is also relatively average, and its social inequality is certainly much better than our country. But the Gini coefficient in Brazil and Mexico is also lower than in China, which may be related to the volume, with only one or 20 million people. I think that our society's

The degree of inequality must be significantly higher than the developed countries like Japan and Germany, but not significantly higher than Brazil and Mexico

Emerging countries will not be higher than the United States that tolerate the rich and the poor and even actively separate social strata. 

Q: you say the class gap is not big, I am in Guangzhou, Beijing, people three apartments, rent a house every month, income than I tried to earn more, I a house, a monthly five-digit mortgage, this is not a class gap? 

A: This is the accumulation of gaps between urban and rural areas and regions in history. People are local people, and the same accumulation reflects a different value. The same house, worth 10 million yuan in Guangzhou, rent 10, 000 yuan; 500, 000 yuan in the county, rent 1200; in the county countryside is the construction cost price, can not be rented. 

CNMOULDING discusses this question, which is from his own yesterday. Despite our hard work, we have been running a company for over 20 years. But as a professional manufacturer of injection molding molds, I would say that we are not able to buy a good house in the inner ring of Shanghai. I am a relative, do an ordinary job, because I dare to buy a house, but live in a bigger house than I do. 

Real estate has widened the gap between the rich and the poor in China. 

3d printing is cheaper alternatives for injection molding?

 What is a cheaper way than 3D printing for injection molding

   Compared with 3D printing, there is no other process with speed perfect, injection molding offered in plastic. 

Look At It From the ABS Plastic Products

One thing you need to consider is being hard to use ABS, if you do some handmade

Because it is non - definite plastic, it means that workers must judge whether the plastic is liquid or still semi - isolated. This may mean some skilled labor, which will make it expensive. 

Hand heat pour plastic in the mold, then vibrates until it bubbles out, and then more plastic is added and again the vibration should work in theory. The challenges you may face include safety, from hydrothermal ABS (nearly 120 °C), preventing liquids from splashing around, and finding the appropriate vibration mechanism to eliminate bubbles. 

One problem with injection molding is air. The air in a set of ABS molds weakens your structure and sometimes significantly. Therefore, manually placing the liquid ABS in the mold will give you a challenge of structural strength that can be easily be vibrated or overcome in vacuum. 

Why would you consider no 3D printing and injection molding

You don t want to use 3d printing - probably due to higher initial costs and poor physical properties. 

You don't want to use injection molding - maybe you don't need the amount, the initial mold production investment is high because you don't know-how

Control the costs. 

You can choose alternative processes such as vacuum molding, sheet molding, hand laying, spray spraying, etc. You can also choose from a prototype molding (aluminum) or resin molding. 

The most common one is the aluminum mold, initial cost, availability and size; performance accuracy. 

But I need to tell you that it is very stupid to do. 

Tips of your choose 

3D printing is not designed for high-volume injection molds but can be used for low-volume operation. Mass product production, first you need to produce high-quality simple or complex molds. The choice of steel material molds instead of solid 3D long fibers can form stronger shells that inject pressurized liquid plastic into it. Aluminum mold is not recommended, inconvenient for modification, and also

The product appearance quality is not as good as the steel mold. 

What is the standardization of an injection mold design?

 Tips for Standardization of Injection Mold Design

The detailed design standard of the molding structure is determined according to the molding classification, central system, cold and hot system, injection system, inclined cover mechanism, and sliding mechanism.

General standardized dimensions of the instrument.

According to the standard size type and product size of each die board, you can consult the mold company's standardized form.

auxiliary structures constructed to inform, such as points, lines, planes, and surfaces, must be closed and opened from the specified plane, and the name of the plane must be consistent.

Configure synchronous design rules so that many engineers clearly define activities and do not interfere with each other when creating the same toolkit.

1) shall establish a unified mold design framework according to the actual needs of the company, and the position of the mold parts in the framework should be standardized. 

2) standardized general mold sizes. According to the standard size model and product size of each mold plate, refer to the standard of company mold. 

3) has formulated detailed design standards for mold structures according to the classification of molding components, gating systems, hot and cold systems, injection systems, inclined roof mechanisms, and slider mechanisms. 

4) mold parts preferred standard parts, standard parts can be processed by the company's own standard parts, or for professional standard mold parts companies (such as HASCO、DME、MISUMI、 ZhengGang, etc). Standard components for production. 

5) for highly structured products, build a special injection mold library according to the size of the product to shorten the design time. For example, according to the number of electric vehicles, a mold library should be established corresponding to the electric vehicle cover and bottom casing. 

6) established rules for synchronous design, enabling many engineers to identify tasks when designing the same set of modules without interfering with each other. 

The auxiliary design in mold design, such as point, line, plane, and surface, shall be closed according to the specified layer, and the layer name is uniform. 

What are the five types of polymer additives

 About  additive 

an additive developed by polymers to improve the processing properties of polymers. Applications include film, blow molding, extrusion, monofilament, fiber, pipe, wood plastic, sheet and wire, and cable. It has the following effects :1, Like the usual melt rupture, Improve the brightness and smoothness of the product surface. Make the color more uniform, Shinier. Reduce the wear and tear of the mold during processing, Eliminate the phenomenon of die accumulation. Reduce the gel produced during extrusion. Reduce processing temperature and extend continuous processing time. 6. Improving the molding rate and dimensional stability of the product, Reduce waste rate. Applicable material (M) LLDPE, LDPE, HDPE, PE-RT, PVC, PA, PS, ABS, PP, BOPP, CPP and other materials working principle when the addition of polymer processing aids in the extrusion process, Under the influence of potential difference, The tendency of fluorinated polymers to move to the outer layer of the melt and attach to the metal surface, Form a lubricating layer between the metal wall and the polymer melt (which takes 1-3 hours to form, depending on the machine size). During continuous extrusion, This coating is in dynamic equilibrium, When the dynamic equilibrium is stable, the Extrusion process and product quality will be stable. The typical addition range PPA addition amount is PPM,300-1200 The influence of other additives and processing technology in basic resin should be considered.

Plastic and Polymer Additives

Plastic has the advantages of a lightweight, corrosion resistance, high strength, excellent electrical properties, and easy processing. All kinds of beautiful and colorful products made from it have become an essential material for people to dress, eat, live and walk. However, plastics are not perfect, such as some plastics are too brittle, some flammable, some easy to start static electricity and so on, so a variety of additives (also known as auxiliaries) must be added to improve the properties of plastics.

With the rise of the plastic industry, as an indispensable additive for plastic processing, it must develop synchronously, and has become a fine chemical industry with a wide variety and considerable scale. Now the annual consumption of plastic additives is about 11% of the consumption of plastic. There are many varieties of plastic additives, and several of the main types are described below.

The antioxidant is a chemical additive that can inhibit or delay the automatic oxidation reaction. Plastic in the process of processing, storage, and use, under the action of light, heat, and oxygen, will fade (yellowish), weight loss, become opaque, powder and surface cracking, this phenomenon is called aging phenomenon. With the aging of plastics, products will lose their use-value.

80% of the total amount of antioxidants is used in three kinds of polymers: polypropylene, polyethylene and polystyrene.

The plasticizer is a kind of material added to material (plastic, resin) to improve its processability, softness, stretchability.

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) was developed into a widely used synthetic resin after the plasticizing process was solved. 

The amount of plasticizer used in PVC accounts for 80% of the total plasticizer consumption. Stabilizer light stabilizer is a compound that can inhibit the degradation reaction caused by light induction. Usually refers to organic or organometallic compounds that only slightly fade or not fade plastic. Almost 75% of the light stabilizers are used in polyolefin resins, in which the light stable dose for polypropylene is equal to the sum of the light stable doses of all kinds of polyethylene resins. Visible, light stable

The agent is of special significance to polypropylene.

Metal activator is a kind of compound that can form inactive or almost inactive with metal with catalytic activity. The chelating agent can form a metal complex with high thermal stability. Metal activators are mainly used in communication wires with polyolefin as insulating material.

Lubricant

Lubricant is a compound that can reduce the friction resistance between the surfaces of product parts at service temperature. This additive is especially important for polyethylene film.

The anti-flushing modifier is a kind of polymer material to improve the toughness of plastics. Generally, a polymer anti-flushing modifier is added to improve the impact resistance of thermoplastic plastics. At present, in the world plastic additive market, about 15% of the anti-flushing modifiers,90% of which are used in rigid PVC products.

PVC anti-scour modifiers include chlorinated polyethylene, ABS、MBS( methyl methacrylate / butadiene / styrene terpolymer), polypropylene impact modifier has ethylene propylene rubber.

Packing and reinforcing materials

 A filler is a solid additive that is different in composition and structure from that of a plastic matrix by adding a polymer

In order to increase volume, improve its properties, reduce costs, usually inorganic; reinforced fillers are materials used to improve some mechanical and physical properties of polymers, such as improving the tensile strength of materials. Fillers and reinforcement materials are carbonates, glass fiber, aluminum hydroxide, and so on.

Colorants

A colorant is, as the name implies, a dye or pigment that gives color to a plastic. Pigments are more important to the plastics industry

Large, not only general pigments but also fluorescent, pearlescent and other decorative pigments. In the plastic industry, pigments are often pre-added to another resin (color carrier) that has good compatibility with the processed plastics to make "concentrated color" or "color masterbatch ". It can achieve uniform color and firm effect instead of pigment, and no dust pollution during operation.

Flame retardant

Flame retardant is a compound that can prevent combustion, reduce combustion speed or increase ignition point. Because plastic is rich

Organic materials containing carbon and hydrogen are flammable and must be flame retardant in use to meet the requirements of flame retardancy.

Antistatic agents

 An antistatic agent is a compound that reduces the chargeability of polymers. Since plastics are insulating materials, they are

When the material is in contact, the charge transfer will produce static electricity, so the plastic product is easy to adsorb dust, so an antistatic agent must be added to the processing.

Foaming agent

The foaming agent is a combination that can release gas by chemical reaction and make polymer body produce foam structure

Things. Foam is plastic produced with a foaming agent.

To correctly grasp the characteristics of various plastic additives, the scope of use and the amount of added can produce beautiful and durable plastic products.

What is the shot size in injection molding?

 Basic parameters of injection molding machine

The basic parameters of the injection molding machine can better reflect the size of the injection molding products, the work capacity of the injection molding machine, and the evaluation of the type, grade range, and product quality of the processed materials. The basis for the selection and use of injection molding machines.

1. The injection quantity —— the maximum injection quantity that the injection system can achieve when the injection screw or plunger makes a maximum injection stroke under the condition of air injection.

To a certain extent, this parameter reflects the processing capacity of the injection molding machine, marks the maximum quality of the plastic products that can be formed by the injection molding machine, and is an important parameter of the injection molding machine. The PS standard (density ρ=1.05 g/cm3) is expressed by the mass (g) of the injected melt and the volume (cm3) of the injected melt

According to the definition, the theoretical value of the maximum injection capacity of the injection screw at one time is the product of the maximum projection area of the screw head in its vertical and axis direction and the stroke of the injection screw. QL =π/4 D2 S

The injection molding machine can not reach the theoretical value in the working process, because the density of plastic changes with the change of temperature and pressure, therefore, the injection capacity needs to be corrected properly. The modified injection capacity is Q=αQL =π/4 D2 Sα,α—— ejection coefficient, which is generally 0.7∽0.9,

The processing of plastic products on injection molding machines 

the quality of generic products and the total amount of materials used in the gating system shall not exceed 25%∽70% of the injection molding quantity of the injection molding machine,

 2. Injection pressure —— the force acting on the unit area of the melt by the end face of the screw or plunger. The size of the injection pressure is related to the injection molding machine structure, flow resistance, product shape, plastic properties, plasticizing mode, plasticizing temperature, requirements.

A 、 material fluidity is good, product shape is simple, arm thickness is big, the general injection pressure is less than 340∽540 Kgf/cm2. Applicable to the processing of LDPE, PA, and other materials.

The B、 material melt viscosity is low, the product precision is general, the injection pressure is 680∽980 Kgf/cm2. Applicable to the processing of PS, HDPE, and other materials.

The melt viscosity of C 、 material is medium or high, the precision of product is required, the shape is complex, the injection pressure is 980∽1370 Kgf/cm2., and the injection pressure is Applicable to the processing of PP, PC, and other materials.

D、 material has high melt viscosity, thin wall, long process, high precision, complex shape, the injection pressure of 1370∽1670 Kgf/cm2. Suitable for reinforced nylon, polysulfone, polyphenylene ether, and other materials processing.

E 、 processing high-quality precision micro-products, injection pressure can reach 2260∽2450 Kgf/cm2.

In order to meet the processing requirements of injection molding precision products or products with complex shapes of molding structure and engineering structural parts, the processing adaptability of the injection molding machine is enhanced, the molding period is shortened, and the product quality is improved. The injection pressure has a trend of increasing.

 3. injection time (injection speed,)—— the melt began to cool after passing through the nozzle. In order to inject the melt into the mold cavity in time and obtain a dense, uniform, and high precision products, the melt must be filled with the mold cavity in a short time. In addition to sufficient injection pressure, there must be a certain flow rate.

4. plasticizing ability —— the amount of material that can be plasticized in unit time, and the plasticizing ability of general screw is related to screw speed, driving power, screw structure, material performance, and so on. The plasticizing device of the injection molding machine should be able to provide a sufficient amount of plasticized and uniform melt within the specified time, and the plasticizing ability should be coordinated with the whole molding cycle of the injection molding machine. The theoretical plasticizing ability of a general injection molding machine is more than 20% of the actual requirement.

CNMOULDING succeed invest smart watch

 Smartwatch is a watch with information processing ability and meets the basic technical requirements of the watch. Its functions are similar to that of a personal digital assistant. In addition to indicating time, it should also have one or more functions, such as a compass, pedometer, touch screen, global positioning system, and as a large storage device, which includes a pointer, number, image, and so on. World-famous technology companies such as Apple, Samsung, Sony and so on have been involved in the development and research of the product, representing the products of Apple iwatch、 Google watches, Sony SmartWatch、 Epson smartwatch PS-500 and so on.

Recently, CNMOULDING successfully developed a project for customers. By modifying the structure of the product, we reduced the whole development cost by 50% in injection mold development and 20-30% in plastic production.

The success of this smartwatch will be the best preparation for our later development of similar smart electronic wearable devices and reduce development costs.

More about WEARABLE DEVICE

A wearable device is a portable device that is directly worn on the body or integrated into the user’s clothes or accessories. Wearable devices are not only a kind of hardware devices. But also realize powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction. Wearable devices will bring great changes to our lives and perceptions.

 

Wearable devices mostly exist in the form of portable accessories that have some computing functions and can be connected to mobile phones and various terminals. The mainstream product forms include wrist-supported watches (including watches and wristbands), and feet-supported shoes (including shoes, socks, or other products worn on the legs in the future), glasses with head support (including glasses, helmets, headbands, etc.), and various non-mainstream non-mainstream such as smart clothing, school bags, crutches, and accessories Product form.

 

SMART BRACELET

 

The smart bracelet is a wearable smart device. Through this bracelet, users can record real-time data such as exercise, sleep, some food, etc. In daily life, and synchronize these data with mobile phones, tablets. And iPod touch, playing a role in guiding healthy life through data.

 

The main body of the smart bracelet is generally made of medical rubber, memory rubber, environmentally friendly plastic, natural and non-toxic. The appearance design is high-end and fashionable, generous. Not only has the function of sports health secretary but also has the function of fashion accessories. The appearance has streamlined wreaths and various colors. There are silver coated metal caps on both ends, which are very suitable for wearing. Which also makes it different from traditional bracelets with buckles or buttons. The smart bracelet has a built-in lithium battery with a battery life of up to 10 days, a vibration motor, and a motion-sensing accelerometer. The small silver cap at the end of the bracelet is a button for changing settings. And the other section is a 3.5 mm plug for connecting to a mobile phone.

 

The design style of a smart bracelet is quite tempting for users who are used to wearing jewelry. More importantly, the design style of the bracelet is versatile. Moreover, regardless of the size of the small bracelet, its function is quite powerful. For example, it can be said to be a high-end pedometer, with the general step counter of a normal pedometer, measuring distance, calories, fat, and other functions. It also has special functions such as sleep monitoring, high-end waterproof, Bluetooth 4.0 data transmission, and fatigue reminders.

APPLICATION FIELD

The advent of the era of wearable smart devices means the extension of human intelligence. Through these devices, people can better perceive external and own information. Can process information more efficiently with the assistance of computers, networks, and even other people, and can achieve more seamless communication. Application areas can be divided into two categories, namely self-quantification and in vitro evolution.

In the field of self-quantification, the two most common application segments are the field of sports and fitness outdoor. And the other is the field of medical care.

In the field of sports and fitness outdoor, the main participating manufacturers are professional sports outdoor manufacturers and some start-up companies. They use lightweight watches, bracelets, and accessories as the main form to achieve sports or outdoor data. Such as heart rate, cadence, air pressure, diving depth, Monitoring, analysis. And service of indicators such as altitude.

In the field of healthcare, the main participating manufacturers are medical portable device manufacturers. Which provides specialized solutions for the detection and treatment of blood pressure, heart rate. And other medical signs in various forms, including medical vests, belts, and implantable chips.

Smart cars are growing so fast

 CNMOULDING began to produce automotive injection molded parts for TESLA matching

Today I will share some of my views on Smart Cars

In the smart car just started today, the more you start, the more you buy new and not old.

There is two logic behind this view:

The first point is that in the process has not reached the bottleneck today, chip performance is growing exponentially.

Nvidia's latest generation of intelligent chip Orin adopts 7 nm production technology, which can realize the operation performance of 200 TOPS per second, which is 7 times higher than that of the previous generation Xavier system-level chip.

Then NIVIDA Guanxuan ALTAN automatic chip, a single SOC of 1000 is more than four times the ORIN, dozens of times the Xavier.

Before and after the production time is only a few years, but the performance difference is several times, in the future more and more complex, the more intelligent cars will rely on the on-chip performance, once the bottleneck of computing power, the more advanced intelligent services are basically declared out of the way.

The second point is that smart cars are iterative quickly, from traditional cars to digital cockpit only in the stage of primary evolution, and even now smart cars are far from smart, just adding more screens and providing some local content. This is just the normal operation of a smartphone.

The imagination space of intelligent cars in the future is very large, especially the human demand has not been fully developed, the competition based on software and architecture will become increasingly hot, and the evolution of intelligent cars in the future will be beyond everyone's imagination.

Tesla is one of the pioneers of smart cars, changing the way the auto industry plays. The operating logic of selling software based on hardware proves that software will play a greater role in the future than hardware.

Tesla focused on autopilot and digital cockpit at the beginning of its establishment.

Tesla autopilot development quite twists and turns, first cooperate with the Moblieye, to the choice NIVIDA, finally, choose the whole stack self-research, the development belongs to their own autopilot. Tesla may have difficulties, but independent R & D is, after all, the safest choice.

Another surprise is that the interior was completely reformed when the Model S was launched, almost abandoning all keys, retaining only a large screen and opening the concept of a digital cockpit.

Later, whether Wei Lai, Xiaopeng, or Xiaomi are basically along these two roads.

But I have always believed in the phrase "there are no identical people in the world ". Everyone's different experiences, education, emotions, personality make everyone unique, and the result is that everyone decorates different houses, reads different information, has different mobile phone interfaces, and should have different cars.

Once the individual is transplanted into the car, it involves not only sitting posture, air conditioning temperature, but also driving habits-fierce or gentle, music preferences-soothing or excited, and even as a second space for movement, the car has different people's different preferences, can be satisfied and so on.

Before Cadillac introduced the new pure electric vehicle LYRIQ, there was a vision that the skylight glass was divided into four areas, and the corresponding four passengers could adjust the light transmission separately.

Earlier Bose an attempt was made to install sound on different car seats, and the music played could only be heard by specific people. Along this line of thinking, can different people also watch different videos in the same car?

Therefore, smart cars in the future have a lot of imagination, is only just beginning.

Although many cars are developing autopilot and digital cockpit, the two are relatively independent and unrelated, such as Wei Lai Automobile NOP autopilot auxiliary system and digital cockpit in data communication. The screen is only used as a self-driving display device, each updated independently.

In the second half of the car industry, more and more big Internet factories, such as Baidu, such as Ali, such as Horizon, have been trying to get through the two parts, although they divide autonomous driving and intelligent cockpit into two parts: outside and inside, and finally form "man-machine co-driving ".

A debate remains over whether smart driving and smart cockpit should merge as if horizon had organized a debate on both sides before the shanghai auto show.

If we look to the future, integration is the trend of the times.

We believe that when the technical barriers of the traditional automobile —— the engine, gearbox, chassis —— disappear, the power source of the pure electric vehicle is replaced by the motor and the battery, the logic of driving the automobile forward is changed from hardware to software, and all hardware is defined by software, which can truly realize car ".

Unmanned driving driven by software, digital cockpit content ecology supported by software and service system supported by cloud service. As a result, the operating system, computing platform, AI algorithm and sensing equipment of the technology enterprise completely push back the old three parts, reshape the automobile ecology, and make the intelligent operating system become the second important engine of the automobile.

Once all hardware is connected to the cloud through software, it is natural to achieve personal customization, which must be based on the integration of intelligent driving and intelligent cockpit.

Self-learning and evolutionary ability will become the core difference between the new generation of the intelligent cockpit and the traditional generation of the intelligent cockpit.

The traditional generation of intelligent cockpit focuses on big data collection, not on individuals. Wei Lai Automobile NOMI provides intelligent voice service. After collecting all the data, analyzing and processing in the cloud and enriching the database, the instructions are more and more accurate, but they can not do thousands of people.

Zebra Zhihang put forward a new point, different people ask the same question, the answer should be different. For example, the owner is in a bad mood, sends out the navigation demand to the voice assistant, the voice assistant will take the initiative to make the judgment to provide a soothing route, for example, the owner is in a hurry. Voice assistants offer a seemingly blocked route that takes the least time after calculation.

This is essentially intelligent interaction.

Career crisis at 35

 CNMOULDING talk  about China's 35-year-old workplace crisis

 First,35-year-old employees are expensive, no cost-effective, no young people a high degree of cooperation.

I do business, not charity. Said to listen to the point called the staff, said that the bad point is the commodity, did not see me to use the price ratio? 70% new goods are more expensive than 90% new ones.

High EQ: It's our company's salary doesn't suit you

Second,35-year-old employees are not good "hoodwink ", more opinions

I want obedient college students like sheep, not you who know how to paddle and fish but also dare to talk back to the leaders because of overtime.

Hi EQ: It's our corporate culture that does n' t suit you

Third,35-year-old employees do not work hard, but also busy with housework.

You are all busy with your family. Who will work overtime for the company? You do not work overtime, my child's milk powder money how to come, my Mercedes who refueling me?

High EQ: our team atmosphere is not suitable for you.

The result of homogeneous competition is that the competitive cost of all participants is high, but the marginal income decreases or even returns to zero

There is a famous theater effect in economics like you're watching a show at the moment. If everyone is sitting and watching it is easy and clear, but if someone chooses to stand up, he will get a better view. The price is tiredness.

But the next problem is that other people's experiences get worse, and you have to stand up to deal with it. The final result was that everyone stood and watched the show. Very tired not to say vision is not necessarily better than sitting.

The same is true in the workplace, when all companies scramble to force employees to work overtime, the final result is that employees are tired, but the company may not be able to make better profitability. The eight-hour work system is how many years of labor groups strive for rights, this balance is not easy.

But many vested interests, like Ma Yun, hold this attitude of "overtime struggle is a blessing ". As people with more resources, they always threaten others to accept his rules. This is why we want to build a society ruled by law, even if sometimes under the choice of the rule of law, we do not seem so" progressive ".

But there is still a lot of struggles 13 is willing to do, the boss can be justified to say 996 you do not want some people willing.

Why the dinner roll?

Some people like to burn themselves, by the way, to ignite everyone

And finally, we're gonna hand in hand

Illuminate the capitalists.

But CNMOULDING is not such an enterprise, we pay more attention to the family sense and group nature of the enterprise. Our entire mold production team has been working together for more than 20 years, with rich working experience and team spirit is what we need for such an excellent plastic injection molding company. This is why we have been leading other companies.

Shanghai blade room

 Shanghai startled 12 flat "blade room ", if you buy this kind of exotic Huxing, how will you design?

Shanghai is an inch of land, come and see the existence of the best.

Two days ago still joke Hong Kong 9 flat coffin room, today's turn Shanghai

"Thin-bladed rooms and bedrooms are located in the hallway, just opposite the toilet, plus 24 years old and multi-story first floor, as a second-hand housing defect. 」

If you buy this kind of exotic Huxing, how would you design it?

You must be shocked by the existence of this house. Shanghai is the economic center of China, where all talents gather.

and that is why CNMOULDING chooses to produce mold and injection products here.

But we can guarantee the quality of the premise,20 years of product and mold prices do not increase.

This depends on our mass production and very low waste rate quality control.

If you need to develop new projects, can survive also blade housing injection molding manufacturers in Shanghai, which must be the most suitable for you.

Those high-rise buildings in China to the years, who will demolish, the cost of demolition is so high, how to do?

 CNMOULDING discuss some bits and pieces of life with you.

1. there is profit space to increase the volume ratio?

No way.

Now the standard residential design, residential 3 meters per floor exactly not more than 100 meters, more than 100 meters part of the money is not very cost-effective. With the exception of a few special cases, such as Beijing, where houses are generally shorter (more than 50 meters), Shenzhen and Chongqing buildings are particularly high (200 meters), most cities are dominated by 100 meters high residential areas.

At present, in Beijing, Shanghai and even all over the country, the demolition of bungalows is the mainstream, demolition of tall buildings is a very small proportion. For example, the Beijing Temple of Heaven shed reform, the original return to the owners to "expand the area ", otherwise it is difficult to remove the movement. As house prices rise, the higher the house price, the more difficult it is to demolish, so that even bungalows can not be demolished.

You can go to see Beijing's Wuli Tuo, which from a year ago began demolition, to now only a part of the deal. Our office in Shanghai was originally in Huangpu District, below is a collection area. The levy began in 2015 and had not been dismantled by 2018. The bungalow is so difficult to demolish, let alone the building?

This is the case today. What about the future? It will only be harder!

If this is considered over decades, the population problem may not support increasing profits by increasing the volume ratio. So, first, the volume rate bottleneck has been reached, second, the government is unwilling to demolish tall buildings now, and third, the future profit space will be further compressed. In short, there is no profit space, when the time to remove is unlikely.

2. let developers pay?

No way.

The design standard of building a life of our national residence is 50 years, the warranty period of the main structure is consistent with the design standard of building life, that is, the owner is responsible for the main structural problem for more than 50 years. I hope you find out, now is the market economy is not planned economy, you bought commercial housing developers are not your "unit ", the house is your own, of course, you are responsible for maintenance.

For example, the main structural problem is not only the building shell on the ground but also the foundation. In 50 years, if the foundation goes wrong, it will be strengthened at a cost of tens of millions (now) a building. Even so, if it can be strengthened, it may be cheaper than dismantling and rebuilding, depending on the specific plan.

Who should pay this money? If I were a developer,50 years later you suddenly changed the law and asked me to pay the bill, I promise to receive a message 10 years in advance to move an old and young family abroad.

What is the strategy of domestic developers in recent years?

They sold the house to the people while they were working hard, and they put money overseas. The house is so good now why developers do not buy their own house, a batch of foreign houses. Domestic house is so good, so there is room for appreciation, why go abroad to buy those need to pay property tax house?

Finally, how much probability do you think the developers you buy, or the sense of social responsibility, will fly back to save the small owners after 50 years?

3. owners to protect the rights of the government attention?

No way.

Some say the government will not tolerate the disrepair of many old buildings in the city. I mean, just build something to keep them out of sight? Nanjing Confucius Temple demolition, in order not to let tourists notice the demolition of the building, the demolition side found a few cars to seal the intersection. From a world perspective, face engineering is not original in China. After all, spend little money and do a lot of things.

Now government demolition is good, land finance. In fact, some of the so-called "dangerous houses" are not dangerous houses, just for the land to install a dangerous house or shantytown title. Because the 2011 levy limits the type of demolition

But now the real dangerous houses are mostly in the warranty period, the government can use various means to force developers, construction parties to solve, a small number of self-built houses do exist security risks the government can cover the bottom.

As mentioned earlier, now there is a trend of demolition and demolition, and in the next 30 years, a large number of concentrated construction of commercial housing areas when there are problems is not a matter of two residential areas. No matter how to protect the rights of finance also has no ability to cover all. In accordance with the provisions of the law and predict future policy trends, so that owners themselves more international practice.

4. the owner pay for the repair?

It's not impossible. Hard.

Heard that the Chinese are scattered sand this sentence? Because of the defects of the property system in our country at present,85% of the residential areas have no industry committee, and it is difficult to operate normally. China's residential area is very large, beyond the reasonable boundary of collective action, the cost of cooperation is greater than the individual income, the collective tends to wait and see in situ. Without special factors, a high probability is impossible.

The vacancy rate of most residential areas is relatively high, and one can not be ignored is the high rental rate. Beijing lot good community, rental rate can be up to 20%,30%. That is to say, do not consider the problem of vacancy, a third of the owners do not live in the community.

Weihai, Shandong, such seaside cities to travel, can use the residential app to find local residential areas, to see where almost no owners live in the community is like. That is Beijing, northeast of the owners of hot-headed buy houses, such a community now that the elevator is broken no one cares, after the foundation problems how can everyone pay?

The problem of owners raising funds is not whether a single owner pays, but must be someone who does not pay or simply can not contact. This is not too small and uneven, it is impossible for 30 people to pay 100 people, so it is not realistic to expect owners to pay their own annual "maintenance" of the house.

Although there is a public maintenance fund when buying a house because there is generally no industry committee, the maintenance fund is not supervised by the construction committee account, and the property company can dispose of the money almost unrestricted. The problem is likely to be a bad one for decades when you really want to overhaul. There is also inflation.

Others say that the property tax to take part in the house repair, this is not realistic, the government took 70 years of land transfer gold is not used to repair the house, why the property tax to repair the house? The government is solving the public part, now the financial burden is so heavy, all pointing to the owner to save. Owners pay for the government to repair the road debt is not finished, how does the government pay for the owners to repair the house?

5. house lives hundreds of years?

At this point, I particularly believe in "made in China ".

Because now the owner is shrewd, when the house is closed with the surveyor, the floor empty drum this kind of knock to know the small fault can not be confusing, so the problem is in the "invisible" place.

There is no problem with the place you see, and the other side is that the invisible place is more or less problematic.

The construction is subcontracted layer by layer. Conscience is half of the industry people say yes, and half say no, do you think there is? If a first-tier city is formal, what about the third and fourth lines? A large real estate developer in a western city, the foundation is loess needs to be strengthened, the reinforcement project is wrapped to the construction team in the nearby village, the construction team takes local materials, the local rich loess is poured down to do the reinforcement. Now 19# building maximum tilt 30 cm, such a house sold in the local boom, house prices have doubled.

Made in China like this,50 years has become a problem. If something goes wrong in 50 years, at least not beyond the warranty period, but the developer will run early. If you exceed the warranty, you don't have to run.

Is the top a future slum?

I think I'm right! Most of those who say this is from a global perspective and most of those who oppose it are in the context of rising house prices in China. This is the final summary of the topic.